Journal of Applied Physics 48, 1522 (1977).
The mechanisms of electrical conduction processes in GaN:Zn, yellow and green light-emitting diodes (LED) were analyzed by considering the I-V characteristics at room temperature and liquid-nitrogen temperature and the temperature dependences of currents through the diodes with a constant forward bias. Diode current transport mechanisms are different above and below 150 K. Forward conduction current I = I1 + I2: below 150 K, I1 dominates the current conduction controlled by tunnel-induced impact ionization and electrons tunnel through a triangular potential barrier at the i-n junction; above 150 K, I2 dominates as a result of electron thermal excitation, tunneling, and impact ionization. Thermal activation energy for excitation depends on the zinc concentration in the i layer. Activation energies of 100 meV for the yellow LED and 14 meV for the green LED were observed. Fermi levels of the i layers for the yellow and green diodes are estimated to locate 0.13 - 0.14 and 0.04 - 0.05 eV below the conduction band, respectively.
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Contributed by the Journalmaster. More information is available from NASA's ADS database, with bibcode 1977JAP....48.1522S
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